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Tolkien fandom
Tolkien fandom is an international, informal community of fans of the works of J. R. R. Tolkien, especially of the Middle-earth legendarium which includes ''The Hobbit'', ''The Lord of the Rings'', and ''The Silmarillion''. "Fandom" is a term used to describe a specific type of fan subculture. "Tolkien fandom" in this sense sprang up in the USA in the 1960s, in the context of the hippie movement, to the dismay of the author (Tolkien died in 1973), who talked of "my deplorable cultus".〔Lev Grossman, ''(Feeding on Fantasy )'' Time.com, November 24, 2002〕
A Tolkienist is someone who studies the work of J. R. R. Tolkien: this usually refers to students of the Elvish languages and "Tolkienology".〔(thetolkienwiki.org )〕 The term Ringer refers to a fan of ''The Lord of the Rings'' in general, and of Peter Jackson's live-action film trilogy in particular.〔the term appears on alt.fan.tolkien in December 2001 ();
"Ringer community" Kohman (2005) p. 10.; c.f. ''Ringers: Lord of the Fans'' (2005)〕 Other terms describing Tolkien fans include Tolkienite or Tolkiendil.〔an Anglo-Quenya compound, meaning "Tolkien-lover", mostly known as the name of a French Tolkien society.〕
==History==
Tolkien's ''The Hobbit'', a children's book, was first published in 1937, and it proved popular. However, ''The Lord of the Rings'', first published in 1954 through 1955, would give rise to the fandom as a cultural phenomenon from the early to mid-1960s.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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